Lab: Collisions in two dimensions
Purpose:
Look at a two-dimensional collision and determine if momentum and energy are conserved.
Experiment:
1. Set up the apparatus as pictures show.
2. Connect the camera and follow the instruction to set up.
3. Gently set the stationary ball on the leveled glass table. Aim the rolling ball so that it his the side of the stationary ball. The balls should ideally roll off at some decent angle from one another.
4. Input the video in LogPro and add point series following the motion of the balls.
5. After adding two series, set the origin at the point the rolling ball left my hand. And rotate the axes to be the same direction as the ball rolled.
6. Click linear fit for each portion of the graph to get the slopes.
7. Based on the value of slope, record the initial velocity and final velocity of the rolling ball and stationary ball.
8. Calculate the momentum and energy before and after the collision.
Steel ball and marble:
m(steel ball 1)=0.0671kg m(marble)=0.0053kg
Two steel balls:
m(steel ball 1)=0.0671kg m(steel ball 2)=0.0603kg
Result:
Steel ball and marble:
Two steel balls:
Calculation:
Conclusion:
Based on the graph, within acceptable error, the momentum and energy are both conserved in the collision in two dimensions.
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